Although there are countless types of beers on the market they can be separated into two types of fermentation.
Top fermentation
The yeast strains used for this type of fermentation are active at relatively higher temperatures ranging from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius. This process produces a higher amount of ‘esters’ which create more flavour and character than bottom-fermented beers. With the addition of special aroma hops and herbs the taste can be easily influenced. Fermenting at higher temperatures without rigorous control increases the chance of unwanted bacteria. This is why the Carels installation is fully temperature controlled. Most ‘craft’ or ‘artisanal’ beer brewers use the top fermentation process.
Bottom fermentation
The yeast strains used for this type of fermentation are active at lower temperatures ranging from 4 to 15 degrees. Towards the end of the fermentation process the yeast settles down on the base of the fermenter. Control of this type of fermentation needs to be significantly higher and produces the ‘easily drinkable’ beers such as Pilsners and Lagers. The Carels installation is equiped with a very precise temperature controlled process unit and therefore the Carels can produce both top & bottom fermented beers. With the use of many varieties of yeast and (aroma) hops the Carels installation can brew all the main types of beer.